FREE-FLYING · NOT FREE-FLOATING
A Doctoral Research Journal

The Along-Track Cruise Floor Is Architectural

Progress Report · Milestone

The ~0.14 m Along-Track Cruise Floor Is Architectural — the Pre-Risk Close-Out

Every named live channel that could own the end-effector's along-track cruise lag has been excluded on frozen, independently-audited pre-registrations. What remains is not a defect in any one channel; it is the architecture.
Figure A · Speed-invariance (campaign AM0220)
End-effector position error p_e overlaid across four reference speeds
Operational p_e maximum holds near 0.14 m across a 2× speed range (0.90 / 0.75 / 0.60 / 0.45 m/s): 0.1502 / 0.1435 / 0.1394 / 0.1372 m — a 9% change. A velocity-scaling floor would fall with speed; the measurement is flat.
The ~0.14 m along-track cruise floor of the free-flying manipulator's end-effector position tracking is architectural: a quasi-static geometry-versus-stiffness equilibrium error of the end-effector loop tracking a centre-of-mass-tethered standoff reference. Every named candidate channel that could instead own the along-track lag has been excluded by a frozen, independently-audited pre-registration measured offline on the same collected logs. The sub-0.10 m-throughout target is unreachable at this trajectory geometry and gain envelope without an architecture change.
The mechanism — three invariances pin the floor to arc geometry

The floor is the same ~0.14 m operational p_e maximum under every dynamic lever a velocity- or bandwidth-limited error would answer to. It is speed-invariant (Figure A): the operational p_e maximum moves 9% across a 2× speed range, while every forcing of the modeled steady-state floor carries a positive power of speed and so predicts a falling error. It is gain-invariant (Figure B): the operational p_e maximum runs 0.1493 → 0.1460 → 0.1449 m as the end-effector position gain doubles from [2,2,4] to [4,4,8], with engagement proven (the startup peak fell 30%, the fraction above 0.10 m halved from 0.554 to 0.218), so the inverse-gain quasi-static prediction is genuinely falsified. And it is arc-anchored: the four speed profiles overlay in arc space at mean pairwise Spearman rho 0.936, versus 0.587 in absolute time. The floor is locked to the helix parameter, not to elapsed time.

The end-effector regulation loop's natural frequency exceeds the orbital rate by a factor of 91 to 224, and the settled coupled-mode ripple carries at most 3.5% of the floor. The loop settles to its per-instant equilibrium within a small fraction of an arc period, so reading the settled state at each arc phase is legitimate: the measured profile is the per-arc static equilibrium, not an unsettled transient. This is the sense in which the floor is a quasi-static tracking error.

The standoff reference is self-referential. Guidance commands the end-effector to a point on a sphere of radius 0.20023 m about the arm's own whole-system centre of mass; the arm carries mass fraction 0.576, so reaching toward the target moves the centre of mass, which moves the target. At the episodes where p_e exceeds 0.10 m, the aim folds the commanded point toward the inner reachable boundary (required reach touches 0.099–0.106 m against an inner radius of 0.103 m). The arm is not degraded there — margin to the outer envelope exceeds +0.497 m and the episodes are better-conditioned — it holds a well-conditioned mid-reach posture and declines to follow the reference into the retraction fold. At the fold the elbow is an active constraint, pinned at its −2.891 rad lower singularity fence for about 99.5% of episode steps. The fold posture is the episode locus.

The episodes are a tangential sign flip. In the orbit's Frenet triad the error runs +0.04 to +0.05 m ahead of reference on healthy arc and falls to −0.05 to −0.08 m behind at the episodes, while the inward-normal component stays small (+0.02 to +0.03 m) throughout. The ceiling is an along-track lag localized in the tangential direction — not a constant standoff-geometry offset. This direction is the axis on which every candidate channel below is tested.

Milestone Details
Operating point (guarded default logs)
pe_p99 0.1412–0.1483 m
coverage 0.997–1.0 · gates 3/3
Speed-invariance
0.1502 / 0.1435 / 0.1394 / 0.1372 m
op p_e max at v_ref 0.90 / 0.75 / 0.60 / 0.45 m/s
Gain-invariance
0.1493 → 0.1460 → 0.1449 m
op p_e max, K_e [2,2,4] → [3,3,6] → [4,4,8]
Arc-anchored
rho_S 0.936 arc
vs 0.587 absolute time; envelope spread 8.8%
Modeled static balance
closes ≤ 24%
0.078 / 0.089 / 0.237; ≥ 76% is non-static
Run specs (from saved logs)
architectural_close (speed, AM0220)
architectural_close_gain (gain, AM0339)
comparison · baseline · from_log
The Figures — every panel from the analysis pipeline over saved logs
Figure B · Gain-invariance (AM0339)
p_e overlaid across three end-effector position gains
p_e across K_e [2,2,4] (default), [3,3,6], [4,4,8]. The floor barely moves as the gain doubles; the mid-mission humps near 200 s and 450 s stay put. The inverse-gain quasi-static prediction is falsified.
Figure C · Conditioning, speed set
Minimum singular value s_min_G overlaid across four speeds
s_min_G, the distance to the circumcentroidal singularity, settles near 0.02 and overlays across speeds. Small but positive: a well-posed loop holding a mid-reach posture, not a degrading arm.
Figure D · Conditioning, gain set
Minimum singular value s_min_G overlaid across three gains
The s_min_G arc profile is stiffness-independent across the gain ladder, matching the fold geometry's gain-independent required-reach profile. The conditioning story does not turn on the gain.
The Six Excluded Channels

Each channel was pre-registered before measurement, frozen, and — where flagged — independently audited. Each closes on data with a named falsifying invariant that fired. Numbers are the three gain-set runs unless a band is given.

#ChannelHow it was killedKilling number (band vs required)Invariant
1 Reference-rate consistency (anchor-rate deficit) Three independent ways: architecture, magnitude, gain-trend Deficit 0.0173 / 0.0152 / 0.0093 m/s, in band [0, 0.09] and shrinking, vs required 0.157 / 0.373 / 0.515; transmitted mismatch ⇒ < 0.2 mm (< 0.4% of the 51–84 mm lag) decision row 1
2 Static re-anchor family (shoulder / base-CoM anchor) By direction; candidate dead on paper Anchor shift is near-pure normal (Δ·n̂ ≈ −0.078..−0.088) versus the tangential lag; open-loop gap g_B 0.154–0.177 m vs band [0.01, 0.08], kill > 0.10 FI-cd-1
3 Modeled static forcings (Coriolis + CoM coupling) By magnitude — a minority carrier Along-track closure 0.081 / 0.090 / 0.239 (8–24%) vs band [0.5, 2.0]; the modeled floor is real (norm 0.039–0.058 m) but 81–93% off-tangent FI-sf-2
4 Tikhonov reconstruction attenuation By magnitude — three orders short Denied along-track velocity ~0.03–0.08 mm/s vs required 157 / 243 / 217 mm/s; closure 0.000495 / 0.000246 / 0.000143; despite carrier-band alignment 0.561 / 0.731 / 0.739 FI-tk-2
5 Post-integration velocity kill (the clip) As carrier — base-compensated Closure 0.0019 / 0.0002 / 0.0000 (< 0.2%); reduced along-track denial ≈ 0; cross-gate reproduces the fence lane to ≤ 3×10−4 m/s FI-cl-2
6 Joint-6 posture regulator Orientation-only (direction + magnitude) End-effector position authority 1.177×10−8 m/rad (7 orders below the null band); closure 0.0019 / 0.0008 / 0.0007 FI-po-3 + FI-po-2

The complete modeled static balance — Coriolis, CoM coupling, and the joint-6 posture forcing that closes it, all the same linear map on one balance — sums to a combined along-track closure of 0.078 / 0.089 / 0.237 on the three runs. The static balance accounts for at most 24% of the fold lag on every run. The remainder, at least 76%, is non-static: the quasi-static geometry-versus-stiffness equilibrium itself.

The Decision This Tees — Re-Scoping Pre-Risk

The committed target was p_e below 0.10 m throughout the orbit, ideally at the floor, with the mid-mission humps near 200 s and 450 s removed. The architectural verdict means below 0.10 m throughout is unreachable at this trajectory geometry and gain envelope without an architecture change. Every dynamic lever inside the current architecture has been measured inert. The candidate rungs that remain are all design-gated reference-side geometry changes: each is a new design half, a fleet campaign, and a full five-baseline re-pin. This document does not choose.

Option A · Re-scope and proceed

Re-scope pre-risk to "operational p_e at the characterized floor" and proceed to the risk phases.

Achieved today: pe_p99 0.1412–0.1483 m, coverage 0.997–1.0, gates 3/3 on the guarded logs, floor fully characterized, every named channel excluded.

Cost: accepts ~0.14 m as the nominal architectural floor and reports it honestly as the operating point. The "ideally at the floor" clause is met; "below 0.10 m throughout" is retired as out of reach. Unblocks the main thesis.

Option B · An architecture rung first

Open a reference-side geometry redesign — posture-aware reference shaping at the fold phases, or a re-derived decoupled standoff anchor that survives a fresh open-loop overlay — aimed at removing the fold that drives the humps.

Cost: a design half, a user-gated fleet campaign, a five-baseline re-pin, and a mission-clock re-check, with uncertain payoff (the closest prior candidate failed its paper gate) and a delay to the risk phases.

A Doctoral Research JournalGenerated 12 Jul 2026 · figures via run_spec.py → Orchestrator